ABSTRACT
Background: The present study was conducted to identify pattern distribution of abnormal haemoglobin variants by using HPLC method in a tertiary care hospital, Surat, Gujrat, India.Methods: A cross sectional study of one-year duration was conducted including 9,116 patients screened for the presence of abnormal haemoglobin variants. Blood samples were initially tested for solubility test and run on automated haemoglobin analyzer for complete haemogram. All the suspected and family study cases were processed for HPLC (Bio-Rad Variant II) for conclusive diagnosis. Patients with a history of recent blood transfusion of less than 3 months duration were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 9,116 cases (1390 males, 7726 females) were included in the present study. The age group of patients ranged from 1 month to 95 years. Solubility test and complete haemogram were performed in all the cases. Out of the 9,116 cases, 8409(92.24%)cases had normal HPLC pattern. 492(5.40%)cases were diagnosed as sickle cell trait, 176(1.93%) cases as sickle cell disease, 29(0.32%) cases as β thalassaemia trait, 1(0.01%) case as β thalassaemia major, 2(0.02%)cases as Hb E heterozygous and 03 (0.07%) cases as Hb D Punjab heterozygous. One case of double heterozygous for Hb E-β thalassaemia was also found.Conclusions: HPLC is a rapid, accurate and useful method for diagnosing haemoglobinopathies. It serves as an reliable tool in diagnosing the presence of abnormal haemoglobin variants in suspected cases on routine haematology in developing countries like India, where the resources for detection of haemoglobinopathies are limited. Early diagnosis may help in proper management of patients.
ABSTRACT
The acute intoxication of Cypermethrin in Silver Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) was evaluated. Animals weighing 56.67±4.43g and measuring 18.92±1.16cm were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cypermethrin for the species in hydrological conditions during 96 hours. A total of 52 fish divided into three groups were used and received the following concentrations of Cypermethrin: 0 (n=12); 1.5 (n=20) and 2.5 (n=20)mg/L. The intoxicated animals suffered behavioral changes such as loss of balance, swimming alteration, dyspnea, upright swimming and sudden spiral swimming movements. As soon as the 96-hour period was over, a blood collection for hematological and biochemical analyses was performed. A complete haemogram test, plasmatic protein test, albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were studied. The values of erythrocytes, hematocrits, haemoglobin, total number of leukocytes, thrombocyte, ALT, AST and ALP changed according to the groups. The results have shown that the environmental contamination by Cypermethrin is toxic to the species...
Avaliou-se a intoxicação aguda da cipermetrina em jundiás (Rhamdia quelen). Jundiás que pesavam 56,67±4.43g e mediam 18,92±1,16cm foram expostos a concentrações subletais de cipermetrina para a espécie em 96 horas, via hídrica, utilizando-se 52 peixes, distribuídos em três grupos, segundo a concentração de cipermetrina: 0 (n = 12); 1,5 (n = 20) e 2,5 (n = 20)mg/L. Os animais intoxicados apresentaram alterações comportamentais, como perda de equilíbrio, dispneia, natação na posição vertical e movimentos bruscos de natação em espiral. Após 96 horas de exposição, foi coletado sangue para análises de hemograma completo, proteína plasmática, albumina, alanina aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e gamaglutamiltransferase. Os valores de eritrócitos, hematócrito, hemoglobina, número total de leucócitos, número total de plaquetas, ALT, AST e ALP diferiram entre os grupos. Os resultados demonstraram que a contaminação ambiental por cipermetrina é tóxica para a espécie...
Subject(s)
Animals , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Catfishes/metabolism , Pyrethrins/poisoning , Toxicological Symptoms , Insecticides/poisoningABSTRACT
Determinar criterios de evaluación morfológica del hemograma, basados en parámetros clínicos y resultados del contador hematológico, en términos de gestión, costos y clínica en un hospital tipo 1. Pacientes, materiales y métodos: muestras de hemogramas de pacientes del hospital de carabineros de Chile durante el mes de agosto de 2009, analizadas en un equipo HMX Beckman-Coulter y evaluadas morfológicamente por Tecnólogo Médico(TM). Se registraron parámetros clínicos como hemoglobina, leucocitos y plaquetas; además se consideró el lugar de derivación, especialidad y edad del paciente. Se determinaron los costos e ingresos en función de los resultados obtenidos. Resultados: de los 2.222 pacientes evaluados, existió concordancia entre el Tecnólogo Médico y el analizador en 93,3 por ciento de los casos, con una sensibilidad de 97,3 por ciento y una especificidad de 88,9 por ciento con valores predictivos positivo y negativo de 95,9 por ciento y 92,7 por ciento respectivamente, para detectar una muestra anormal. Con los criterios de selección fue posible eliminar la evaluación morfológca en 79,5 por ciento de los casos, permitiendo un ahorro de $3655929 en el mes por concepto de hemogramas. Discusión: el estudio demostró que es posible disminuir el número de evaluaciones morfológicas realizadas al hemograma a valores similares obtenidos en estudios internacionales, con reducción significativa de los costos y tiempos de TM.
Objective: to determine criteria for the morphological analysis of the full blood count, based on the clinical parameters and the results of the full blood count using an automatic counter in terms of cost and clinicla implications in a distric hospital. Patients, Materials and Method: Full blood count samples from patients attended in the Hospital de Carabineros de Chile during the month of August 2009 were analyzed using HmX Beckman-Coulter and evaluated morpholigically by the Medical Science Officer(Medical Technologist). Clinical parameters, hemoglobin, white cell count platete count were registered, as well the origin of the specimen, medical speciality an patient age. The cost an income derived from the full blood count were determined by the Unit of Cost, Hospital of Carabineros and the changes in costs calculated in function of the results obtained. Results: Of the 2,222 patients evaluated, there was a concordance between the Clinical Science Officer(Medical Technologist) and the automatic counter in 93,9 percent of the samples, with a sensitivity of 97,3 percent and a specificy of 88,9 percent, a positive and negative predictive evalues of 95,9 percent and 92,7 percent respectively for detecting an abnormal sample. Using the criteria of selection it was possible to eliminate the evaluation morphological in 79,5 percent of the samples permitting a saving of $3655929 per month for the analysis of full morphological evaluations of the blood count without losing clinically important data in 80 percent of the samples, which is similar to that reported internationally, with a significant decrease in cost an Medical Scientific Officer time.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Health Management , Laboratories, Hospital/economics , Laboratories, Hospital/organization & administration , Quality Control , Blood Cell Count/economicsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar criterios de selección de muestras para la evaluación morfológica del hemograma, basados en parámetros clínicos y resultados del contador hematológico y en términos de gestión, costos y clínica, los resultados de un programa de selección de muestras para la evaluación morfológica del examen en un hospital tipo 1. Pacientes, Materiales y Método: Pacientes con una muestra tomada en el Hospital de Carabineros de Chile durante el mes de Agosto de 2009, las que fueron analizadas en un equipo Beckman Coulter HmX@ y evaluadas morfológicamente por el Tecnólogo Médico. Se registraron los parámetros clínicos tales como hemoglobina, leucocitos y plaquetas, además del lugar de derivación, especialidad y edad del paciente. Los resultados fueron analizados, tanto por alerta clínica como instrumental, incluyendo todos los parámetros considerados clínicamente importantes. Resultados: Participaron 2.222 pacientes, hubo concordancia entre el Tecnólogo Médico y el analizador en 93,9 por ciento de los casos, con una sensibilidad de 97,3 por ciento y una especificidad de 88,9 por ciento con valores predictivos positivo y negativo de 95,9 por ciento y 92,7 por ciento respectivamente, para detectar una muestra anormal. Por criterios de selección se eliminó la evaluación morfológica en 79,5 por ciento de los casos. Hubo 1,6 por ciento de casos falso-negativos en los criterios de morfología. Discusión: El estudio demostró que es posible disminuir el número de evaluaciones morfológicas hechas al hemograma en un 80 por ciento de los casos, lo cual es semejante a los estudios internacionales efectuados en un hospital tipo 1. El sistema de alerta clínica pone énfasis en la importancia de que el médico tratante ingrese la información clínica en la solicitud de hemograma. Hay una liberación importante de tiempo de Tecnólogo Médico para utilizar su capacidad en funciones de mayor complejidad.
Objectives: To determine selection criteria for the morphological evaluation of full blood count samples, based on clinical criterias and the results of an automatic hematological analyzer. To analyze the cost-benefits and gestion of such a selection procedure in samples obtained from a public general hospital. Patients, Materials and Methods: AII patients with a full blood count taken at the Hospital de Carabineros de Chile during August 2009 were included AII samples were analyzed using a Beckman-Coulter HmX@ automatic analyzer and analyzed morphologically by the Medical Science Officer. Patient details including age, sex, hematological parameters Hemoglobin, white cell and platelet count and place of reference were noted the results were analyzed using clinical and instrument alerts, including all clinical hematological parameters considered important. Results: 2,222 patients were included in the study. There were an agreement in analysis between the HmX and Medical Science Officer in 93.9 percent of cases, with a sensitivity of 93.9 percent specificity of 88.9 percent, a positive and negative predictive value of 95.9 percent and 927 percent respectively to detect and abnormal blood count. Owing to the selection criteria used it was possible to eliminate the need for morphological evaluation in 79.5 percent of cases, the possibility of a serious error of omission being minimal, only 1,6 percent of cases were false negative, on morphological and not clinical grounds. Discussion: The study showed that it is possible to decrease the number of morphological evaluations in 80 percent of cases, which is similar to the figures internationally reported for a general hospital. The clinical alert puts emphasis on the treating physician to complete clinical details on the order form. In total, there were 1.6 percent of false negative cases on morphological grounds y it is important to note that some morphological abnormalities will not be detected the...